Pioneers of Computing Innovation

Individuals and organizations that shaped history..

Computing Innovations

←1940→

  • ENIAC, the 1st generally-programmable computer by the US Army (1946)
  • PLANKALKUL, the 1st High-Level Programming Language by Konrad Zuse (1948)

←1950→

  • SIMON, the 1st Personal Computer by Edmund Berkeley (1950)
  • AN/FSQ-7, the 1st computer with RTG Display by IBM (1951)
  • HD, the world's 1st computer hard disk drive (IBM, 1956)
  • FORTRAN, the 1st High-Level Programming Language by John W. Backus (1957)
  • BELL 101 MODEM, the first commercial-use modem (Bell Laboratories, 1959)

←1960→

  • PACKET SWITCHING (theory) by Leonard Kleinrock (MIT, 1961)
  • BASIC PROGRAMMING language by John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz (Dartmouth College, 1964)
  • SIMULA, the 1st Object-Oriented Programming Language by Ole-Johan Dahl & Kristen Nygaard (1967)
  • PEROTTINA (Programma 101), the 1st commercial desktop computer by Pier Perotto (Olivetti, 1965)
  • ARPANET, the father of today's internet by the US Army (1967)
  • FD (Floppy disk drive), invented by IBM (1967)
  • DRAM (Dynamic Random-Access Memory) by Robert Dennard (1968)
  • UNIX, the large-scale networking OS by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and other developers (Bell Labs, 1969)
  • LASER PRINTER, invented by Gary Starkweather (Xerox, 1969)

←1970→

  • INTEL 1103, the 1st DRAM chip (1970)
  • TCP/IP protocol suite by Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn (1970)
  • INTEL 4004, the 1st CPU on a single chip by Federico Faggin, Ted Hoff, and Stanley Mazor (1971)
  • eMail, invented by Ray Tomlinson (ARPANET, 1971)
  • C Programming language, invented by Dennis Ritchie (1972)
  • ETHERNET, invented by Robert Metcalfe (Xerox, 1973)
  • XEROX ALTO, 1st personal computer with a mouse-driven GUI (1973)
  • SEQUEL (later SQL), invented by Donald Chamberlin and Raymond Boyce (IBM, 1974)
  • APPLE 1, the 1st computer with a single-circuit board and ROM by Steve Wozniak (Apple, 1976)
  • COMMODORE PET, 1st widely-available educational computer (Commodore, 1977)

←1980→

  • VRAM (Video RAM), by F. Dill, D. Ling, and R. Matick (IBM, 1980)
  • MIDI, the 1st MIDI interface designed by Dave Smith and Chet Wood (1981)
  • ARM1, the 1st commercial RISC processor by Sophie Wilson and Steve Furber (Acorn, 1985)
  • AMIGA, the 1st multimedia personal computer (Commodore, 1985)

←1990→

Bad Apple by Fenarinarsa (Atari STE)

  • HARDWARE: Atari STE
  • COMPOSER: Fenarinarsa
  • RELEASED: December 2017 (3rd on Silly Venture 2017 release party)

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